[Objective] To compensate for the defects in the evaluation index system and the used methods in diagnosis on the social risk of the rural land comprehensive consolidation, this paper analyzed the level for the social risk of the rural land comprehensive consolidation.[Methods] After defining the social risk of rural land comprehensive consolidation, the index system of social risk assessment from the perspective of environment, institution, economy and society were established. Then the social risks of the fertile land development project in Jiangning District of Nanjing City were assessed by objective and subjective synthetic method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model.[Results] The social risk of this project was between the third level(medium risk) and fourth level(small risk), but it was closer to the third level. This indicated the risk of this project was not high, which would not result in great social instability. However, the existing risks still need to be prevented.[Conclusion] In order to further avoid the social risks caused by rural land comprehensive consolidation, we can take some measures, such as perfecting targets of rural land comprehensive consolidation, improving public participation mechanism, strengthening project supervision, assessing risks scientifically so that to promote the development of rural land comprehensive consolidation healthily and effectively.