[Objective] The objective of the paper is to study the spatial-temporal changes and driving factors of fractional vegetation coverage(FVC) and its landscape pattern in He'nan Province in the past decade in order to provide a support for the regional sustainable development of society, economy and environment.[Methods] Based on dataset of MOD13 Q1 in 2000, 2003, 2006 and 2009, we did the quantitative analysis under ArcGIS 9.3 and Fragstas 3.3.[Results] At a time scale of 10 years, the regional FVC was dominated by high FVC grade. The overall FVC decreased firstly and then increased. The lowest FVC was 72.64% in 2003, and the highest was 76.48% in 2009. The areas with extreme high FVC distributed in forested areas of western He'nan Province. And the areas with the lowest FVC distributed in urban and built area, large reservoirs and the ecological conservation zone of Yellow River. The FVC declined in urban and built area, but increased in cropland and natural vegetation areas. The landscape pattern of cropland and natural vegetation areas was improved, but urban and built area was on the contrary. The areas with an obviously decreased FVC mainly distributed in urban and built area.[Conclusion] The main reasons for the change of fractional vegetation coverage and its landscape pattern in He'nan Province were the local changes in precipitation and temperature, rapid urbanization and the implementation of coordinated development strategy of urbanization, new-type industrialization and agricultural modernization.