[Objective] The objective of this study is to analyze the precipitation and soil conditions of the plants in the west section of the second west-east natural gas transmission pipeline project, in order to select the suitable grass species for the pipeline soil and water conservation. [Methods] Based on in-situ monitoring, we investigated the influences of soil property change due to disturbance, natural rainfall, soil and other natural conditions on the restoration of artificial vegetation. [Results] Medicago sativa, Agropyron cristatum, Achnatherum splendens and Melilotus suaveolens were selected as the optimal plant species for pipeline soil and water conservation. The growth and development of these four species was monitored in different construction regions. [Conclusion] To select the suitable plant species for soil and water conservation is of great importance for the soil loss control and pipeline security.