Abstract:[Objective] The study analyzed soil conservation service among different slopes, soil types, and land use types in order to provide support to soil conservation and land-use planning. [Methods] In this study, DEM, soil map and land use map was used, revised universal soil loss equation (RUSLE) and GIS method was employed to investigate the spatial distribution characteristics of soil conservation service and its influence factors in Qushui river small watershed. [Results] (1) The total soil conservation capacity was 1.10×107 t/a, while mean soil conservation capacity was 384.74 t/(hm2·a) with the high importance of ecosystem sevices. (2) In addition, spatial distribution of soil conservation service exhibited a successive increase from river terrace to slope area. (3) Intensive erosion area, sloping area (8°~25°), arable land, calcic purplish soil and red-brown purplish soil region were the hot spot for soil conservation. [Conclusion] Significant differences in soil conservation service exist among different slopes, soil types, and land use types. Soil conservation service can be improved by improving soil condition, increasing vegetation cover, and adopting soil erosion control measures.