Abstract:[Objective] This essay provided data reference and theoretical basis for nitrogen deposition in subtropical regions by analyzing effects of nitrogen deposition on litterfall and its nutrient in a subtropical evergreen broad-leaved Castanopsis eyrei forest.[Methods] Different gradient nitrogen control experiments were set up in Xianyu mountain area of Anhui Province to monitor C. eyrei forest litterfall and nutrient response status for a long time.[Results] The order of the annual litterfall were as follows:high nitrogen and phosphorus(HN+P) > low nitrogen(LN) > high nitrogen(HN) > control check(CK). There was no significant difference among the treatments. There was significant difference in foliar litter between LN and CK treatments(p=0.023). The total litterfall showed a bimodal type with the peaks appeared in April and November. The order of the proportion of the different litter components for the four treatments ranked as leaf > fruit > branch > miscellaneous > flower > bark. HN+P and HN treatments changed the fruit percentage to a certain degrees:HN+P(27%) > HN(25%) > CK=LN (23%). The annual amount of total nutrient-returns of the six macro-elements(C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg) was as follows:HN+P 4.62 t/(hm2·a) > CK 4.44 t/(hm2·a) > HN 4.17 t/(hm2·a) > LN 3.96 t/(hm2·a). The similar patterns appeared for C, N, P, Mg, Ca returns in the four treatments. There was significant differences in annual returns of N and P between HN+P and CK treatments(p=0.047; p=0.023). The nutrient return from foliar litter covered 52%~58% of the annual total.[Conclusion] We simulated different gradient of nitrogen settlement and found that it changed the C. eyrei forest total litter amount and composition proportion in a certain extent and affected the absorption of other nutrients and return amount.