[Objective] Suitability of plantation species in the central-southern region of Taihang mountains were studied to provide theoretical and technical supports to improve vegetation restoration in Taihang Mountainous ecological fragile area.[Methods] Suitability of 17 common plantation species were evaluated using analytic hierarchy process(AHP). Based on nine evaluating indicators, we used 9 point scaling expert questionnaire to screen indicators and to calculate weight with judgment matrix. According to the weight scores, species were divided into four levels:level I(most suitable), level Ⅱ(suitable), level Ⅲ(not very suitable), level Ⅳ(not suitable).[Results] (1) There were nine indicators that were recognized included in the evaluation index system of soil and water conservation plantation, and four indicators in the evaluation index system of timber plantation. (2) Weight values of soil and water conservation plantation ranged between 0.022 7~0.088 9. (3) Weight values of tree species on timber between 0.024 1~0.1441.[Conclusion] Tree species that possibly can be used for soil and water conservation were graded as followings:I-Platycladus orientalis, Sabina chinensis, Armeniaca sibirica, Amygdalus davidiana; Ⅱ-Pinus bungeana, Quercus liaotungensis, Populus davidiana, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus tabulaefor, Juniperus communis, Larix principis-rupprechtii; Ⅲ-Betula platyphylla, Robinia pseudoacacia, Elaeagnus mollis, Rhus Typhina; Ⅳ-Ailanthus altissima, Populus cathayana; For timber plantation, tree species had:I-Larix principis-rupprechtii, Pinus tabulaefor mis,Quercus liaotungensis;Ⅱ-Sabina chinensis, Platycladus orientalis, Populus cathayana, Populus davidiana, Betula platyphylla, Ailanthus altissima, Pinus bungeana; Ⅲ-Robinia pseudoacacia, Rhus TyphinaⅣ-Sabina chinensis, Juniperus communis, Armeniaca sibirica, Amygdalus davidiana, Elaeagnus mollis.