[Objective] To explore the spatial distribution of the soda saline-alkaline land in Western Jilin Province and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of saline soil in this region.[Methods] We extracted information on environmental factors from remote sensing images by ArcGIS and analyzed the relationship between the distribution of the soda saline-alkaline land and environmental factors through regression analysis and correlational analysis methods.[Results] ① Beyond the buffering distance of 30 000 m of the hydrographic net, the area of soda saline-alkaline land decreased with the increasing distance from hydrographic net. ② The area of soda saline-alkaline land was significantly affected by multi-year average annual wind speed (R=0.716, p<0.05), multi-year average annual precipitation(R=-0.597,p<0.05) and maximum value of the multi-year annual precipitation(R=-0.652,p<0.05) respectively. ③ The altitude and slope gradient were key factors influencing the distribution of soda saline-alkaline land of the western Jilin Province. The area of the soda saline-alkaline land decreased with the increasing altitude and slope gradient.[Conclusion] The main environmental factors affecting the distribution of soda saline-alkaline land in Western Jilin Province were the distance from the hydrographic net, climatic factors and terrain factors.