[Objective] To analyze the response relationships between vegetation cover and temperature and precipitation since the implementation of natural forest protection program (NFPP) in Fukang forest farm, in order to provide data support for the ecological benefit evaluation of NFPP. [Methods] Based on the MODIS/NDVI data and the temperature & precipitation data from 2000 to 2015 in Fukang forest farm, the methods of mean value, regression analysis, distance fluctuation and correlation analysis was used to explore the vegetation cover characteristics, climate change status in the farm and the response relationships between them. [Results] ① From 2000 to 2015, the vegetation cover in the study area was at a low level and showed a slight fluctuating downward trend. By analyzing the changes of NDVI at different levels, the most obvious change of vegetation cover in the past 15 years was the part of NDVI>0.65, which was the main part of the decline of NDVI in the study area. The level of ‘low’ and ‘high’ NDVI increased but was not obvious, and the level of ‘medium’ NDVI increased obviously and accounted for a relatively large proportion. ② Since the implementation of NFPP, the annual average temperature in the study area showed a fluctuating downward trend. The annual precipitation showed a significant fluctuating upward trend. ③ Since the implementation of the NFPP, the correlation coefficient between vegetation cover change and temperature change was only 0.053 9, while the correlation coefficient between vegetation cover change and precipitation change showed a significant correlation. Vegetation cover change was less affected by temperature than by precipitation. [Conclusion] Since the implementation of the NFPP, the vegetation coverage in the Fukang forest farm has showed a fluctuating downward trend, but the decline is not significant. The climate tends to change from warm and dry to cold and wet, and the trend is not obvious. The relationship between vegetation cover fluctuations and precipitation fluctuations is significantly stronger than that of temperature. The implementation of the NFPP in the Fukang forest farm has improved the surrounding climate, but it is still necessary to strengthen the protection and restoration of the vegetation in this region.