[Objective] The land use/cover change(LUCC) and the response of ecosystem service value(ESV) in the Ulungu River basin in the past 30 years were investigaged in order to provide scientific basis for guiding the optimal allocation of soil and water resources in this region.[Methods] The Landsat series of remote sensing images in 1989, 1998, 2006, and 2017 were selected, and the 3S technology was comprehensively used, to monitor and analyze the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics of LUCC in the study area in the past 30 years. The modified ESV equivalence factor was adopted to calculate and analyze the ESV response.[Results] ① In the past 30 years, the area of cultivated land and construction land in the Ulungur River basin had showed a trend of continuous increase and expansion. The area of water bodies and wetlands had showed a trend of slight increase, the area of the unused land had showed a trend of significant decrease, the area of forest land had showed a trend of increase with fluctuation, and the grassland area had showed a trend of decrease in 1989-2006 and a trend of slight increase in 2006-2017. Among them, the net increase of cultivated land was the largest(847 km²), while the net decrease of unused land was the largest(744 km²). The regions with the most significant land use type transfer were mainly located in Fuhai County, Dure Village, and Qiganjidi Village. ② The comprehensive land use index of the Ulungur River basin increased from 146.75 in 1989 to 168.29 in 2017. The ESV increased from 0.263 5 billion in 1989 to 0.291 5 billion in 2017, with a net increase of 28 million yuan.[Conclusion] The area of different land use types of the Ulungur River basin has changed and transformed in different degrees in the past 30 years. The land resources in the study area are in the period of high-intensity development. The ESV responds correspondingly, and the total ESV increases.