城市化进程中县域土地利用类型的转移特征及其对热环境的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目“城市滨水区景观重构中的全球性与地方性耦合机制”(41471120);国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDB139);上海2017年度“科技创新行动计划”企业国际科技合作项目(17230732600)


Characteristics of Land Use Transfer and Its Influence on Thermal Environment in County-level Urbanization
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    [目的] 评估城市化过程中土地利用类型的转移特征及其对热环境的影响,为优化土地利用格局和低碳背景下区域发展和管理提供科学依据。[方法] 以浙江省海盐市为例,基于4期Landsat卫星影像,解译土地利用类型并反演地表温度,通过县域土地利用转移矩阵和热效应贡献度指数,分析城市热岛的时空分布及土地利用类型转移特征对热环境造成的影响。[结果] 2007—2017年10 a间,海盐县中心城区的建成区明显扩张,土地利用类型格局变化显著,土地利用动态度达42.3%。城市用地面积显著增加,转入比率达44.1%,主要由植被与道路转入;植被覆盖面积明显减少,转出比率达51.2%,主要转移为城市用地和道路。城市高温区分布从聚集的岛状逐渐分散化,向建成区边缘转移。城市用地的热贡献度最大,伴随着其面积的增加,其热贡献度从2007年的59.6%上升到2017年的87.5%。[结论] 城市用地是影响海盐县中心城区热环境的决定性因素,城市化进程中,合理有效地规划和控制建成区的扩展,是减缓热岛效应的重要措施。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The transfer characteristics of land use types and its impact on the thermal environment in the process of urbanization were studied, in order to provide scientific basis for optimizing the land use pattern and regional development and management in the context of low carbon.[Methods] Take Haiyan County, Zhejiang Province as a case study area, based on the four Landsat satellite images, the county-level land use types were interpreted and surface temperatures were derived. The spatial and temporal distribution of urban heat islands and the impact of land use type transfer on the thermal environment were analyzed by the land use transfer matrix and the contribution index of thermal effect.[Results] From 2007 to 2017, the built-up area in the central urban area of Haiyan County expanded significantly, the pattern of land use also changed significantly, and the dynamic degree of land use reached to 42.3%. The urban land area increased significantly, with a transfer rate of 44.1%, mainly transferred from vegetation and roads. The vegetation coverage area decreased significantly, and the transfer rate was 51.2%, mainly transferred into urban land and roads. The distribution of urban heat island was gradually dispersed from the concentrated island to the edge of urban area. With the increase of urban area, its thermal contribution increased from 59.6% in 2007 to 87.5% in 2017.[Conclusion] Urban land use is a decisive factor affecting the thermal environment of Haiyan County. In the process of urbanization, reasonable and effective planning and control of the expansion of built-up areas is important measures to slow down the heat island effect.

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刘璐,申广荣,吴裕,张周逸林,陆邵明.城市化进程中县域土地利用类型的转移特征及其对热环境的影响[J].水土保持通报,2019,39(6):260-266

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  • 收稿日期:2019-03-11
  • 最后修改日期:2019-07-24
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-01-17
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