青藏高原冻融-水蚀凹陷对高寒沼泽草甸土壤呼吸的影响
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K903;P463.23

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国家自然科学基金项目"青海湖内陆高寒湿地景观尺度碳库动态测定与模拟"(41661023);青海省科技计划项目基金(2014-ZJ-723);青海省科技计划项目基金(2018-ZJ-T09);青海省科技计划项目基金(2019-SF-A12)


Effects of Depressions Formed by Freeze-Thaw and Water Erosion on Soil Respiration in Alpine Marsh Meadow in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
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    摘要:

    [目的] 探究青藏高原长期的冻融与水蚀造成的凹陷对高寒沼泽草甸土壤呼吸的影响,为探讨和评估高寒沼泽草甸碳循环过程提供一定的科学依据。[方法] 以青海湖北岸冻融-水蚀凹陷的高寒沼泽草甸为研究对象,选取了非冻融-水蚀凹陷区和冻融-水蚀凹陷区,2019年5月监测土壤呼吸、5 cm土壤温度、5 cm土壤含水量及空气温度和空气相对湿度,2018年8月观察了植被群落特征(优势种、地上生物量、植物高度、群落盖度)。[结果] ①冻融-水蚀凹陷区的平均土壤呼吸速率显著低于非冻融-水蚀凹陷样区。②冻融-水蚀造成地表下陷,下陷的洼地微生态系统具有类似盆地的聚温保湿效应,因此在凹陷样区中空气相对湿度显著增加,空气温度降低,5 cm土壤温度显著增加(p<0.05),以上环境要素的变化深刻影响着土壤呼吸。[结论] 青藏高原冻融-水蚀过程形成的凹陷改变了高寒沼泽草甸土壤环境,使原生系统的土壤呼吸发生变化,进而影响高寒沼泽草甸生态系统碳循环。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The effects of depression caused by long-term freezing-thawing and water erosion on soil respiration in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were studied to provide a scientific basis for the evaluation of carbon cycling process at an alpine marsh meadow.[Methods] We conducted a field experiment at an alpine marsh meadow with a depression and a non-depression in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. We measured the air temperature, relative air humidity, soil respiration, soil temperature, and moisture content at 5 cm depth in May 2019, and investigated plant traits, such as dominant species, above-ground biomass, plant height, and community coverage in August 2018.[Results] ① The average rate of soil respiration in the depression caused by freezing-thawing and water erosion was significantly lower than those in non-depression regions; ② Freezing-thawing and water erosion causeed the surface sink, leading to an increase in relative air humidity and a decrease in air temperature, which was similar to the polythermal effects of basin regions. The depression caused by freezing-thawing and water erosion increased soil temperatures at 5 cm depth, and had a profound impact on soil respiration.[Conclusion] The depression caused by natural freezing-thawing and water erosion processes of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau changes the soil environment and the soil respiration in the primary system, which further modifies the carbon cycle of alpine marsh meadow ecosystem.

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丁俊霞,周贵尧,陈克龙,陈生云,崔航.青藏高原冻融-水蚀凹陷对高寒沼泽草甸土壤呼吸的影响[J].水土保持通报,2020,40(1):17-23

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  • 收稿日期:2019-08-24
  • 最后修改日期:2019-09-18
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-03-19