[Objective] The water quality in the upper area of Qingshan Lake in Huangshi City, Hubei Province was monitored and analyzed to provide a basis for its ecological restoration.[Methods] Taking No.1 area of Qingshan Lake as a case study, using a comprehensive trophic status index, the state of eutrophication in upper area of Qingshan Lake was evaluated, and the nitrogen and phosphorus balance was estimated according to the material balance principle.[Results] ① The concentration of total nitrogen and total phosphorus reached 2.45 and 0.200 mg/L, respectively. ② The water quality of Qingshan Lake reached a level of moderate eutrophication. ③ The input of P and N mainly came from the upper stream. ④ The total input amount of N was 6 115.40 kg per year, and the total output amount of N was 1 939.51 kg per year. ⑤ The total input amount of P was 411.14 kg per year, and the total output amount of P was 198.21 kg per year. ⑥ The rates of retained N and P were 68.28% and 51.79%, respectively.[Conclusion] According to the results, to prevent the eutrophication of Qingshan Lake, an ecological floating bed for the upstream water should be adopted, which will simultaneously purify the water and improve the landscape. In the lake water area near the discharge outlet, high-efficiency in situ enhanced purification measures could be adopted.