[Objective] The spatiotemporal evolution and function measurement of the production-living-ecological space of Taiyuan urban agglomeration region were studied to provide a scientific basis for the policy formulation of the ecological civilization construction in the research area.[Methods] Based on land-use type data and economic data of Taiyuan urban agglomeration region for 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2018, ArcGIS 10.4.1 was adopted to reclassify land-use types with respect to their functions. This was coupled with the production-living-ecological space function-measurement model and spatial heterogeneity evaluation method.[Results] ① The grain production area located in the southeast part of Taiyuan basin was the main production space of Taiyuan urban agglomeration region, which radiated and expanded from the southeast towards the surroundings. The counties with a comparatively strong function with respect to production space in 2018 included Qingxu County (2.09) and Xiaodian District (1.96). ② The living space of the research region was mainly concentrated in the urban area of Taiyuan City in the east and constantly expanded towards the south, with a general trend of decentralization and regional concentration. Counties with a relatively strong function with respect to living space in 2018 included Xiaodian District (1.89), Yingze District (1.81), and Jiancaoping District. ③ The ecological space of the research region was high in the northwest and low in the southeast. Counties with relatively greater ecological space included Jiaocheng County (4.34) among others, which were primarily located within the ecological protection area and coal mining vegetation-restoration area in the Lüliang Mountain region.[Conclusion] The spatiotemporal pattern and function measurement of the production-living-ecological space of Taiyuan urban agglomeration region are consistent with the metropolitan development pattern of core-periphery, which is also consistent with the land potential distribution.