[Objective] The anti-erosion effects of corn on slope farmland was studied in order to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion on slope farmland in the Loess Plateau region.[Methods] An outdoor artificial simulated rain test was conducted to analyze the effects of corn on the runoff and sediment production and erosion process on slope farmland at five different growth stages, such as seedling stage, early jointing stage, mid-joint stage, late jointing stage, and tasseling stage.[Results] ① With the growth of crops, the resistance of corn to runoff and sediment yield increased, this effect was the weakest in the seedling stage and the strongest in the tasseling stage. Compared with bare land, the average runoff and sediment yield of corn plot decreased by 48.5% and 73.7% respectively. The sediment reduction effect of corn in different growth stages was better than that of runoff reduction effect. ② The process of runoff and sediment yield showed a continuous fluctuation trend. Corn crops delyaed the initial time of runoff and sediment yield, and the average runoff and sediment yield decreased in stable runoff and sediment yield stage. When rainfall intensity increased from 40 mm/h to 80 mm/h, the increase rate of runoff and sediment yield was more than 100%, the runoff coefficient and sediment concentration increased, and the erosion process became more severe. ③ There was a good exponential correlation between leaf area index and soil loss ratio of corn slope at different growth stages. The leaf area index could be used to estimate the soil loss ratio of corn slope in different growth periods, which laid a foundation for estimating annual vegetation cover and management factor C value.[Conclusion] With the growth of corn, the anti-erosion effect of corn is enhanced, but the erosion is serious at seedling stage and early jointing stage, auxiliary measures should be taken to prevent soil and water erosion. The increase of rainfall intensity makes the erosion and sediment yield more serious under various underlying surface conditions.