[Objective] The effects of production-ecological-living land use transformation on eco-environment quality in Guangdong Province were studied based upon grid cell in order to provide scientific basis for coordinated development of regional ecology and economic. [Methods] Based on the eight-phase Landsat TM image interpretation data of Guangdong Province and the dominant function classification system of land use in production-ecology-living space, and the characteristics of production-ecological-living land use transformation as well as its eco-environment quality were quantitatively analyzed. [Results] ① From 1980 to 2018, the agricultural productive land decreased greatly, with a total decrease of 5 369.61 km² and the mining productive land and urban living land increased greatly, with a total increase of 4 526.02 km² and 2 406.93 km². The conversion between agricultural production land and woodland ecological land was obvious. ② Spatial transformation of production-ecological-living land use in Guangdong Province was mainly manifested as the mean center of mining productive land and forest ecological land became closer to the geometric center of Guangdong Province, the mean center of agricultural productive land and urban living land moved away from geometric center. ③ The index of eco-environment quality in Guangdong Province was reduced from 0.648 1 in 1980 to 0.641 4 in 2018. The spatial differentiation of ecological environment quality was obvious, and the eco-environment quality in coastal cities was much lower than inland area. ④ The Getis-Ord G_i^* index proved that the hot region of the change of eco-environment quality was concentrated on the Eastern, Western and Northern regions of Guangdong Province, while the cold region was chiefly located in Pearl River Delta. ⑤ Guangdong Province had two trends which were ecological improvement and ecological deterioration. [Conclusion] Full consideration should be given to the regional natural considerations, the function positioning and the leading factors of ecological environment changes in order to formulate land policies and measures and promote the balanced development of Guangdong Province.