[Objective] The land use dynamics and the evolution of ecosystem service functions in Hulun Buir sandy land were studied to provide support for optimizing the land use structure and improving the ecological service function in this area. [Methods] Based on the remote sensing images of Hulun Buir sandy land in 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015 and 2020, and the supported by ENVI 5.3 and ArcGIS 10.2, the characteristics of land use change were analyzed by using the spatial analysis model of land dynamic attitude and the change intensity. The land use data of Hulun Buir sandy land were analyzed by using the calculation method of China’s sand ecological service value table and the ecological service value and sensitivity index of Hulunbuir sandy land were calculated. [Results] ① Desertification showed a reversal trend， the area of each desertified land decreased， the area of forest and grassland increased， the ecological environment of the area had been effectively improved. ② From the point of view of the rate of change，the change of forest and grassland was the largest, with the annual change rate of 9.3%. From the absolute value of change intensity, the change intensity of mild desertification was the largest, and the area decreased by 70% in 20 years. ③ The overall ecological service value of Hulun Buir sandy land showed an increasing trend, among which the ecological service value of forest and grass land was the highest, and the ecological service value of extremely severe desertification was the lowest. The sensitivity index of ecological service value are all less than 1, indicating that the ecological service value of sand was relatively stable and the results were credible. [Conclusion] The region should expand the area of forest grassland, manage the desert area reasonably, and enhance the value of regional ecosystem services.