[Objective] The current status of soil erosion in the Eastern Qaidam Basin was investigated in order to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of soil erosion in this region, and for effective environmental management of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.[Methods] The investigations were conducted in July 2019, 2020,2021 in the Eastern Qaidam Basin, along Delingha, Golmud City, and Dulan County. 77 investigation plots were selected to investigate vegetation, soil, characteristics of soil erosion, and soil and water conservation measures.[Results] Qaidam Basin was dominated by wind erosion. During the crop growing season, there was no obvious wind erosion phenomenon on cultivated land, indicating that the soil and water conservation of crops was remarkable. The average soil wind erosion rates of different land use types followed the order of sandy land> cultivated land> abandoned land> shrub land. Gully erosion was mostly found on the grassland of piedmont alluvial fans and hillsides. Gully erosion on alluvial fans was more serious than on hillsides. Nebkhases were widely distributed and exhibited a diverse mix of species. Nebkhas volume had a strong correlation with plant canopy, and their sand blocking effect was obvious. The main existing problems were soil erosion and rising groundwater level caused by over irrigation of cultivated land, inadequate management of sandy land for planting wolfberry, imperfect soil and water conservation measures, and insufficient investment in soil and water conservation.[Conclusion] The types of soil erosion in Qaidam Basin are complex and diverse. It is recommended that soil and water conservation practices be strengthened, irrigation system maintenance be improved, and soil salinization management and sandfield conservation be strengthened. Thus will effectively ensure the sustainability of land resources in Qaidam Basin.