固原市原州区2000-2018年“三生”用地及生态系统服务变化
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中图分类号:

TP79;F062.2

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目“宁夏六盘山贫困山区农户生计转型的资源环境效应研究”(41761034),“宁夏六盘山贫困区“三生”空间融合发展的动力机制及模式研究”(41961034);宁夏自然科学重点基金项目(2020AAC02008)


Changes in Productive-Living-Ecological Land and Ecosystem Services in Yuanzhou District of Guyuan City During 2000-2018
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    摘要:

    [目的] 对宁夏回族自治区原州区退耕还林以来“三生”用地变化及生态系统服务损益进行分析,为该区的国土空间开发与主体功能优化提供科学参考。[方法] 基于主导功能原则构建“三生”用地分类体系,在识别原州区2000—2018年“三生”用地类型、分析用地结构与空间格局的基础上,采用当量因子法定量评估“三生”用地变化对生态系统服务价值(ESV)的影响。[结果] ①2000—2018年,原州区生产用地减少4 243.68 hm2,占地比例由42.88%降为41.88%,但水浇地和园地面积明显增加;生态用地减少5 673.08 hm2,比例由54.66%降为52.52%,但以林地比例提升为主的内部结构优化特征显著;生活用地扩张迅速,增加10 272.63 hm2,从2.46%提升为6.19%,以城镇面积增加为主要特征。②“三生”用地中生活用地面积动态度最高为-3.31%,二级地类中水浇地、园地、城镇用地、林地和草地分别为“生产—生活—生态”用地中动态度最高地类;并且研究前期“三生”用地动态度明显大于研究后期。③空间上,以清水河谷为代表的河谷地区主要表现为水浇地和园地的增加;城区和三营镇、头营镇等城镇建设用地扩张迅速;六盘山地和黄土丘陵沟壑区的林地生态用地大幅增加。④研究时段内原州区的ESV增加了10.06亿元,供给、调节、支持、文化功能均大幅提升。导致ESV减少的转移流向主要有旱地转为居民点,旱地转为工矿水利用地,草地转为旱地,草地转为工矿水利用地,草地转为居民点,林地转为旱地,林地转草地,其余转移方式均对ESV的增长有益。[结论] 研究时段内原州区“三生”用地演化节奏逐渐放慢,ESV逐年提高;“三生”格局变化上呈现出生活用地向中心集聚并向外扩张,生产用地围绕城镇分布,生态用地则向边缘扩张。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] The changes of productive-living-ecological land use and cost-benefit of ecosystem service in Yuanzhou District of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region after returning farmland to forestland were analyzed, in order to provide a scientific support for the development of land space and the optimization of main functions in this area.[Methods] Based on the principle of dominant function, the land use classification system of productive-living-ecology was established. Based on the identification of productive-living-ecological land types and the analysis of land use structure and spatial pattern in Yuanzhou District from 2000 to 2018, the impact of the change of productive-living-ecological land on the value of ecosystem services (ESV) was quantitatively assessed by using the equivalent factor method.[Results] ① From 2000 to 2018, the production land decreased by 7 062.96 hm2, and the proportion decreased from 42.88% to 41.88%, but the area of irrigated land and garden land increased significantly. Ecological land decreased by 3 259.06 hm2, and the proportion decreased from 54.66% to 52.52%, but the internal structure optimization features were significant where the proportion of forest land was improved. Living land expanded by 10 272.63 hm2 and increased rapidly from 2.46% to 6.19%, which was mainly characterized due to the increase of urban area. ② In the productive-living-ecological land category, the dynamic change of the living land area was the highest, which was -3.31%. In the secondary land category, the irrigable land, garden land, urban land, woodland and grassland were the highest in the productive-living-ecological land category, respectively. In addition, the dynamic change of land use in the early stage of the study was significantly greater than that in the later stage. ③ Spatially, the increase of irrigated land and garden land in Qingshui valley was the main trend. The urban area, Sanying Town, Touying Town and other urban construction land expanded rapidly. The forest land in Liupan Mountains area and loess hilly and gully area increased greatly. ④ During the study period, the ESV of Yuanzhou District increased by 10.06 hundred million yuan, and the supply, regulation, support and cultural functions were greatly improved. The main transfer directions resulting in the decrease of ESV were dryland to residential land, dryland to industrial and mining water conservancy land, grassland to dryland, grassland to industrial and mining water conservancy land, grassland to residential land, woodland to dryland, woodland to grassland, and other transfer modes were beneficial to the growth of ESV.[Conclusion] During the research period, the evolution of productive-living-ecological land in Yuanzhou District gradually slowed down, and ESV increased year by year. The change of productive-living-ecological pattern showed that the living land was concentrated in the center and expanded outward, and the production land was distributed around towns. Ecological land was expanding to the edge.

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滑雨琪,马彩虹,安斯文,袁倩颖.固原市原州区2000-2018年“三生”用地及生态系统服务变化[J].水土保持通报,2021,41(6):295-302

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  • 收稿日期:2021-04-16
  • 最后修改日期:2021-06-25
  • 在线发布日期: 2022-01-06