[Objective] The changes in the soil conservation function of the ecosystem of Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area from 2000 to 2020, and the present situation and existing problems of the ecosystem function in the mining area were studied. The ways to improve the ecological function of construction projects concentrated in semi-arid areas were summarized. The results will provide a reference for guiding the coordinated development of ecology and economy at production and construction project areas in semi-arid areas. [Methods] The Chinese soil loss equation (CSLE) and a wind erosion model were used to calculate soil conservation under water erosion and wind erosion based on grid cells in Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area during different periods (2000, 2010, and 2020). The spatial and temporal changes of soil conservation for different land use types, different vegetation coverages, and different mines were determined. [Results] ① Potential soil erosion in Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area was 3.76×10⁶ t/a. The amount of soil conservation increased from 2.30×10⁶ t in 2000 to 3.17×10⁶ t in 2010. The amount of wind erosion reduction in the mining ecosystem increased significantly. ② The area of cultivated land, sandy land, and bare land in the mining area decreased continuously from 2000 to 2020, while the area of gardens and grassland increased continuously, and the soil conservation of gardens and grassland increased from 1.80×10⁶ t/a to 2.78×10⁶ t/a. ③ Vegetation in the mining area changed from low coverage to medium-high coverage. Soil conservation of medium and medium-high coverage forestlands accounted for 67.12% of the total soil conservation of the mining ecosystem in 2020. ④ The soil conservation capacity of different mines with different degrees of governance significantly increased. [Conclusion] The soil conservation function in Shenfu-Dongsheng mining area increased significantly from 2000 to 2020. Production and construction projects in semi-arid areas can improve the ecological environment through the use of effective ecological measures, and achieve a win-win situation between economic development and ecological improvement by exploring ways to realize an ecological economy.