[Objective] To explore the spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors of low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land in the Songnen Plain region of Heilongjiang Province, which is of great significance for the low-carbon and efficient utilization of regional arable land resources and the promotion of sustainable agricultural development. [Methods] This study used the super efficiency SBM model to measure the low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land in 33 counties (cities) in the Songnen Plain region of Heilongjiang Province from 2005 to 2020 , Using spatial autocorrelation and kernel density methods to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern evolution characteristics of low-carbon utilization efficiency of farmland in various counties (cities), and then using a geographically weighted regression model to explore its influencing factors. [Results] (1) During the research period, the low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land in the Songnen Plain area of Heilongjiang Province showed an upward downward upward trend, with an average of 0.80, which did not reach the forefront of the most effective production; (2) From a spatial perspective, there is a significant positive spatial correlation between the low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land, and there is a strong clustering distribution trend of high and low values in some areas. The phenomenon of multi core polarization of hot spots is significant, mainly distributed in the northern and southern regions of the region; From the perspective of time dimension, the low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land exhibits varying degrees of polarization characteristics, and the internal differences show a gradual narrowing trend of evolution; (3) From the perspective of influencing factors, the per capita sown area, the amount of fertilizer used per unit of arable land, the per capita disposable income of rural residents, and agricultural expenses have a positive impact on the low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land. The multiple cropping index, the amount of machinery used per unit of arable land, and the urbanization rate have a negative impact on efficiency. The per capita GDP has different degrees and directions of impact on the low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land in different years. [Conclusion] The overall low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land in the Songnen Plain region of Heilongjiang Province is on the rise, and there are significant differences between regions. In the future, it is necessary to optimize resource allocation efficiency, establish regional synergy mechanisms, play a role in demonstration of hot areas,and promote the improvement of low-carbon utilization efficiency of arable land in various regions.