[Objective] The recent increase in extreme rainfall events has rendered dump waste areas in open-pit coal mines particularly susceptible to severe soil and water loss, leading to enhanced soil erosion, nutrient depletion, and compromised land productivity. Additionally, these conditions contribute to water body eutrophication. This study aims to delve into how varying rainfall intensities affect land productivity and the loss of nutrients. The Haizhou Open-pit Coal Mine's dump waste area in Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, serves as the case study. [Methods] Leveraging the principle of similarity simulation, an indoor model of the dump waste platform-slope system was constructed. Artificial rainfall simulation experiments were performed to investigate the patterns of soil nutrient loss under different rainfall intensities (60, 90, 120mm/h). [Results] (1) With escalating rainfall intensity, the soil nutrient concentrations for nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in the dump waste platform-slope system exhibit a pattern of initial decline, subsequent rise, and then a gradual decrease, with the order of nutrient concentration being 60 mm/h > 90 mm/h > 120 mm/h. (2) The runoff nutrient loss from the platform slope soil increases with increasing rainfall intensity, notably for Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), and Total Potassium (TK). However, the loss of nitrate (NO3--N), ammonium (NH4+-N), available phosphorus (AP), and available potassium (AK) in runoff does not show significant changes with increased rainfall intensity. (3) The nutrient concentration in soil sediment from the dump waste platform slope consistently exceeds that found in surface runoff, with sediment nutrient loss escalating as rainfall intensity increases. (4) The enrichment ratio of total nitrogen and total potassium in soil sediment rises with greater rainfall intensity, with the enrichment ratios following the order of TN > TP > TK. [Conclusion] The concentration of soil nutrient loss in the dump waste platform-slope system is predominantly influenced by rainfall intensity and soil characteristics.