[Objective] Forest type differentiation characteristics and spatial patterns of the forest water conservation function of Giant Panda National Park in Sichuan Province were examined, in order to provide guidance for the protection of forest resources and adaptive management of water resources in this area. [Methods] Based on the results of the cadastral and special forest resources survey in the Sichuan area of Giant Panda National Park, sample plots data, and multi-source remote sensing data, the integrated storage capacity method was applied to estimate the forest water conservation function. Its characteristics under different forest types and site conditions were then analyzed. [Results] ① The extent of water conservation of the forest ecosystem in this area was 1.71×10⁹ m³, yielding a water conservation of 1 061.27 m³/hm² per unit area. The soil layer served as the main reservoir for water conservation. Evergreen coniferous forests exhibited the strongest water conservation function. ② There were notable spatial variations in forest water conservation function, with higher levels in Ya’an, Mianyang, and Guangyuan City and lower levels in Aba Prefecture and Deyang City. ③ The forest water conservation amount mainly concentrated in areas with altitudes ranging between (1 500, 3 500］ meters, contributing 90.10% to the total water conservation amount. In addition, the forest water conservation per unit area significantly decreased as altitude increased (p＜0.01). ④ Forests on steep slopes (35°，45°］ had the highest forest water conservation amount, with a contribution rate of 24.01%. The forest water conservation per unit area showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing as slope steepness increased (p＜0.01). [Conclusion] Reasonably adjusting the forest resources’ structure and optimizing forest resources’ distribution of Giant Panda National Park in Sichuan Province according to local conditions would help maximize the forest water conservation function in this area.