[Purpose]As a resource-based city in transition, it is of great significance to explore the relationship between urban expansion and habitat quality in Ma'anshan to achieve high-quality development in the region [Method] Based on the Globe Land30 data in 2000, 2010 and 2020, the urban land expansion was studied by means of center of gravity analysis and standard deviation ellipse, and the habitat quality of Ma'anshan City was calculated. In addition, the PLUS model was used to simulate land use change under different scenarios to analyze the impact of urban expansion on habitat quality change. The results showed that: (1) From 2000 to 2020, the construction land and water area of Ma'anshan City increased, while the area of other types of land decreased. The range of changes in water areas and construction land is large. (2) From 2000 to 2020, the habitat quality of Ma'anshan City showed a downward trend, with the habitat quality of the central plain being lower and the eastern and western habitat quality being higher. These results indicate that the spatial distribution characteristics of habitat quality are closely related to topography, land use type and human activity intensity. (3) Under the three scenarios of natural development, economic development and ecological protection, the habitat quality index of Ma'anshan City was 0.448, 0.451 and 0.459, respectively. Habitat quality was shown to be degraded in all scenarios. [Conclusion] Compared with 2020, the proportion of areas with low habitat quality level increased, while the proportion of areas with high, high and average quality did not change much, and the proportion of areas with high quality decreased. The results of this study can provide a certain reference for decision-making on the sustainable use of land resources and the prevention and control of ecological risks in Ma'anshan City.