[ Objective ] Exploring the coupling and coordination relationship between soil and water conservation policy and agricultural eco-efficiency and its driving factors is conducive to promoting the harmonious coexistence of economy, resources and environment in the agricultural field under the guidance of policy. [ Methods ] Taking the Three Gorges Reservoir Area ( Chongqing section ) as the research area, the evaluation index system of soil and water conservation policy intensity and agricultural eco-efficiency was established. The coupling coordination degree model, geographical detector model and OLS regression were used to analyze the coupling relationship between soil and water conservation policy and agricultural eco-efficiency and its driving mechanism in the region from 2015 to 2022. [ Results ] ① There were significant differences in policy intensity and ecological efficiency among the regions in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area ( Chongqing section ). The maintenance area of soil-conserving human settlements in Fangshan Hills and the maintenance area of soil-conserving human settlements in parallel ridges and valleys showed a strong growth momentum in policy implementation, while the rest of the region was relatively stable. The agricultural ecological efficiency of the urban landscape living environment maintenance area is excellent, while that of the Wuling Mountain water conservation and soil conservation area is relatively low, showing an obvious polarization trend. ②The coupling coordination degree between soil and water conservation policies and agricultural ecological efficiency showed an overall upward trend, and the coordination degree of urban landscape human settlement environment maintenance area and Fangshan hilly soil conservation human settlement environment maintenance area was particularly prominent. However, there is a significant imbalance in Kaizhou District in the area of soil conservation and human settlements in the parallel ridge valley of Yuzhong.③The results of the driving mechanism show that the input of farmland water conservancy facilities is helpful to improve the coordination level between the two, and the reasonable control of the planting area can also more positively affect the coordination relationship between the soil and water conservation policy and the agricultural ecological efficiency. The robustness of the regression results is further confirmed by the counterfactual test. [ Conclusion ] In order to effectively maintain water and soil resources and agricultural ecological security, the Three Gorges Reservoir Area ( Chongqing section ) should adhere to the principle of local governance and regional linkage, actively guide all parties in society to participate in the formation of governance synergy, and jointly promote the development of a diversified support model combining poverty alleviation, soil conservation and agricultural assistance.