[Objiective] Research on the supply and demand values of aquatic ecosystem services has a critical impact on urban water ecological restoration. [Methods] Taking Harbin City as the study subject, this paper employs the INVEST model, GIS spatial analysis, and statistical methods to explore the correlation and matching degree between urban water ecosystem service supply and demand. Based on a coupled coordination model, ecological zoning planning is conducted. [Results] The findings reveal that the overall water system can be broadly categorized into one main stem and five tributaries. The Songhua River serves as the largest main stem, traversing the urban area from east to west. The tributaries run north to south through the city center, spanning five administrative districts. Currently, these waterways function as natural storm drainage channels formed by geographical conditions. Harbin's annual water production and water purification capacity exhibit a “high in the middle, low on both sides” distribution pattern. Conversely, soil retention capacity inversely correlates with terrain steepness, indicating significant spatial heterogeneity in water ecological service supply. Service demand intensity decreases in a gradient from the central urban area to the periphery. Western central districts such as Nangang and Xiangfang form peak demand zones due to higher population density, GDP, and land development intensity indices. Analysis of these supply-demand calculations reveals strong correlations between urban water ecological service supply and demand, warranting further coordination analysis. The final coupling coordination model indicates Harbin's water ecological service coupling coordination ranges from 0 to 0.8, averaging around 0.4, reflecting a state of mild imbalance. Spatial variations in coordination are pronounced, with mismatched areas accounting for approximately 40% of the total territory. [Conclusion] Based on these calculations and in alignment with urban planning objectives and relevant policies, Harbin's ecological restoration zones are delineated into four categories: ecological improvement areas, ecological conservation areas, ecological buffer zones, and ecological protection zones. Corresponding planning measures and recommendations are proposed to provide a theoretical foundation for Harbin's urban water ecological restoration practices.