[Objective] Exploring the differences in the effects of vegetation configuration of windbreak and sand-fixing forests on soil structure and nutrients in the southeastern margin of the Tengger Desert can provide a scientific reference for the selection of windbreak and sand-fixing forest configuration and the improvement of ecological environment in this area.[Method] Taking eight vegetation configurations Corethrodendron scoparium and Haloxylon ammodendron forest in single row, H.ammodendron forest with different spacing in two rows, H.ammodendron forest and H.ammodendron + H.ammodendron mixed forest ) in windbreak and sand-fixing forest as the research objects, the soil particle size characteristics and nutrient content of 0-50 cm soil layer under different vegetation configurations were studied.[Results]（1）The soil particle size of different configurations of windbreak and sand-fixing forest and grass belt in the southeastern margin of Tengger Desert is mainly fine sand ( 67.98 % ).The 8m band spacing is more conducive to the accumulation of soil fine particles, and the mixed forest configuration performs better in improving the content of fine particles and the uniformity of particle size distribution.（2）Different configurations significantly improved soil nutrient status.The 8m row spacing was 1.39 times higher than that of other soil nutrients. The soil nutrient content of Haloxylon ammodendron forest is high, the nutrient content of mixed forest is medium, and the nutrient content of Hedysarum scoparium is low.（3）Soil silt and very fine sand were significantly positively correlated with soil SOM, TN and AK ( P < 0.05 ). The mixed forest of two rows and one belt significantly enhanced the synergistic effect between soil clay, silt and total nitrogen and organic matter.[Conclusion]The broadband spacing configuration significantly increased the soil nutrient content, and the mixed forest made the soil particle distribution more concentrated. It is suggested that the mixed forest of Hedysarum scoparium + Haloxylon ammodendron with two rows and one wide band spacing ( 8 m ) should be selected as the dominant configuration in the construction of windbreak and sand-fixing forest and grass belt in Tengger Desert in the future.