[Objective] The comprehensive ecological functions of Cunninghamia lanceolata forests of different stand ages in Louziba state-owned forest farm, Changting County, Fujian Province, were evaluated in order to identify the main influencing factors and improvement directions, and to provide data support and a scientific basis for ecological management and function optimization of C. lanceolata forests in this region. [Methods] Representative plots were established in five C. lanceolata stands of different stand ages. A comprehensive evaluation system consisting of 14 indicators was constructed from three dimensions, namely water conservation, soil conservation, and understory vegetation diversity. The analytic hierarchy process was used to determine indicator weights, the weighted comprehensive index method was used to quantify the comprehensive ecological function value, and the system obstacle degree model was applied to identify the key obstacle factors restricting ecological function improvement. [Results] ① The comprehensive ecological function values of the C. lanceolata stands were ranked as 11 a(0.72) > 7—8 a(0.31) > 3—4 a(0.28), corresponding to Grade Ⅱ, Grade Ⅳ, and Grade Ⅳ, respectively, indicating that ecological functions generally improved with increasing stand age.② With increasing stand age, water conservation and soil conservation functions showed an increasing trend, whereas understory vegetation diversity showed a decreasing trend.③ The core obstacle factors differed significantly among stand ages. For 3—4 a stands, the main obstacle factors were effective litter interception, effective soil water storage, and soil erosion intensity. For 7—8 a stands, the main factors were effective litter interception and soil organic matter content. For 11 a stands, the main factors were effective soil water storage, the ShannonWiener index, and the Simpson index. [Conclusion] Differentiated improvement strategies should be adopted for ecological management and function optimization of C. lanceolata forests in this region. For 3—4 a stands, mixed litter can be added manually, and fish-scale pits and interception ditches can be arranged along contour lines. For 7—8 a stands, decomposed leaf manure or organic fertilizer can be applied in furrows, and native broad-leaved trees can be introduced to establish mixed forests. For 11 a stands, understory vegetation regulation measures should be adopted, with appropriate retention of native shrubs and herbs, together with mixed-stand transformation.