不同空间尺度耕地埂坎提取方法及其分布特征
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P642,P694

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重庆师范大学博望学者领军人才项目“三峡库区侵蚀阻控机制与水土保持技术优化研究”(BWLJ2023012)


Extraction methods and distribution characteristics of farmland bunds at different spatial scales
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    [目的] 针对埂坎人工调查效率低,现有遥感影像提取尺度适配性不足等问题,构建多源数据协同的“宏观识别-微观提取”多尺度提取方法体系,提升埂坎识别与参数估算的精度与效率。[方法] 在县域尺度,基于卫星遥感影像与数字高程模型(DEM)建立埂坎(石坎/土坎)特征解译方法,分析埂坎类型与地形的分布响应关系;在小流域尺度,融合无人机获取的数字正射影像图(DOM)与数字地表模型(DSM)数据,提取埂坎的埂长、埂宽、坎高及埂坎系数等几何参数,并通过偏离度(DE)、决定系数(R2)与均方根误差(RMSE)评估精度,构建几何参数的实测与反演值的线性回归模型。[结果] ①卫星遥感影像适用于县域尺度耕地埂坎的识别与特征分析,虾子岭小流域验证埂坎条数与面积识别精度均超过91%。重庆市忠县耕地埂坎总数超过300 000条,总面积约8 km2,埂坎系数约3%。②无人机影像可高精度提取小流域尺度的埂坎参数,埂长、埂宽、坎高及埂坎系数的绝对偏差分别小于2 m,0.1 m,0.3 m和2%,提取精度表现为:埂长>埂宽>坎高>埂坎系数,土坎各项参数提取精度均优于石坎。参数回归模型拟合度良好(R2多在0.78以上),RMSE控制在1.6以内。③忠县埂坎集中分布于高程300~600 m和坡度6°~15°之间,数量随高程和坡度增加呈“先增后减”的变化趋势;土坎多于石坎;槽谷区埂坎斑块面积大、数量多,山岭区埂坎密度较高且分布破碎。[结论] 构建的多源遥感协同方法适用于县域尺度埂坎分布格局识别与小流域尺度参数精细提取,回归模型可有效估算关键埂坎参数。

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    [Objective] To address the low efficiency of manual surveys and limited scale adaptability of existing remote sensing techniques in bund extraction, a multi-source data coordinated extraction framework of ‘macroidentification and micro-extraction' was constructed in order to enhance the accuracy and efficiency of farmland bund identification and parameter estimation. [Methods] At the county scale, satellite remote sensing imagery and digital elevation models(DEM) were used to develop a feature interpretation method for bunds(stone and soil bunds) and to analyze distribution response of bund types to terrain. At the small watershed scale, UAV-derived digital orthophoto maps(DOM) and digital surface models(DSM) were fused to extract geometric parameters of bunds, such as bund length, bund width, bund height, and bund coefficient. Additionally, the extraction accuracy was evaluated using deviation error(DE), coefficient of determination(R2), and root mean square error(RMSE), and linear regression models between measured and inverted values of geometric parameters were constructed. [Results] ① Satellite remote sensing imagery demonstrated strong applicability for the identification and characterization of farmland bunds at the county scale. Validation in the Xiaziling small watershed indicated that recognition accuracies for both the number and area of bunds exceeded 91%. At Zhongxian County of Chongqing City, the total number of farmland bunds exceeded 300 000, with a total area of approximately 8 km2 and a bund coefficient of about 3%.② UAV imagery enabled high-precision extraction of bund parameters at the watershed scale, with absolute deviations of less than 2 m for bund length, 0.1 m for bund width, 0.3 m for bund height, and 2% for the bund coefficient. The extraction accuracy ranked as follows: bund length > bund width > bund height > bund coefficient, with soil bunds exhibiting higher extraction accuracy than stone bunds across all parameters. The parameter regression models showed good fit(R2 mostly above 0.78), and RMSE was controlled within 1.6.③ At Zhongxian County, bunds were primarily distributed within elevation ranges of 300~600 m and slope ranges of 6°—15°, showing a trend of ‘first increasing and then decreasing' with increasing elevation and slope. Soil bunds had a wider distribution compared to stone bunds. Bund patches in valley areas had larger areas and higher numbers, while those in mountainous areas showed higher density but fragmented distribution. [Conclusion] The developed multi-source remote sensing coordinated method is suitable for the identification of bund distribution patterns at the county scale and for fine parameter extraction at the small watershed scale. The regression models can effectively estimate key bund parameters.

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粱露,韦杰,娄义宝,陈柏娜,唐强,贺秀斌.不同空间尺度耕地埂坎提取方法及其分布特征[J].水土保持通报,2026,46(2):214-224

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  • 收稿日期:2025-08-23
  • 最后修改日期:2025-10-30
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  • 在线发布日期: 2026-04-01
  • 出版日期: 2026-02-15