It is accounted that in 1982 the soil erosion area in Yangtze Riverwatershed has been raisen to 739,400km~2,being amounted to 41% of the totalarea and 1 times more than that in 1957.Although the annual sedimentload observed at Yichang station is 600 million tons,the total soil loss ofthe whole watershed can reach 2 billion ton,much more serious thanthat in the watershed of Yellow River. Soil conservation and protecting-forest system is connected with the social-economic development, thethrowing of poorness and obtaining of riching as well as the long-termbenefit in improvement of ecological environment of the region, it is alsorelated to the control and safty for long time of the wide area at middle-lower reaches.