This paper describes the concept and method of estimating soil erosionrates of cultivated land from fallout Caesium137 measurements.The resultsof five soil profiles on cultivated land of weir and mound and terrace showthat the total content of ~(137)Cs in soil profile reflect erosion severity ofcultiated land well.The soil erosion rates,indicated by Kachnoskis and Quinescurves and calculated by the formula developed by authors,are basicallyconsistent with the analyzed values based upon measured data of runoffplots.