The major harness area in the middle and lower reaches of JialingRiver is related to 48 counties and cities, covering an area of 6.97 millionha. with serious soil and water loss, being 63% of the local area, theannual average amount of soil loss is 321 million ton. The area is lookedwith naked rock and red soil everywhere, and is thought as the typicalone in vicious cycle of ecological environment. A harness plan was advanced in July, 1988, the leading idea, planning principle, target, rationality and availability of the benefit criterion as well as the reliability toarrange each measures and the notabillty to increase yield and incomewere discussed., which heightens the believe and determination to harness.