The soil and water loss area of Shanxi Province i8 100,000 km~², soilerosion makes land productivity lower, reservior deposited, river bedlifted, salinity, flood and drought frequent.However, significant resultsof both economy and ecology havd been obtained from the construction ofthe structure model in "fivefloorbuilding" and level terrace for 249 ha.forestation for 906.4 ha, planting grasses for 154.5 ha, etc. based on localnatural conditions, the way out to develop mountain areas is to harnesssmall watershed through development of animal husbandry by plantinggrasses and trees, construction of capital farml to increase yield andproduction, and growth of economic forest and so on, it is also suggestedthat the first of all is to build bases of grain and diversifiedeconomy,and to develop farming actively.Attention must be paid to the problemthat while it is harnessed it is destroyed.