The land in Fujian that was with picturesque scenery, intensive forest and harvesting grain is with grievous soil and water loss due to the human destruction. At present, some area are with mountain being nol green and rugged rocks, rivers being not clear and flowing mud. According to a statistics in 1984 the whole soil and water loss area of the province is 14,000km~2, being as greater as four times of that in 1958, and occupying 11. 2 % of the total area of the province.The number of counties and cities with serious soil and water loss is increased from 22 in 1966 to 35 at present, soil and water loss could be found in all the counties. The harm of soil and water loss results in the loss of fertile soil, degradation of land productivity, lifting of river bed, deposition of the harbour line, dead reservoir from deposition, reduction of the hydraulic engineering benefits and the shortage of energy resource.Since the Third Plenery Session of the Eleventh Central Committee the spring of soil and water conservation comes. In the seven years from 1982 to 1988 through the coordination of departments, mobilization and relying of the masses, intensifying the consciousness of soil and water loss, strengthening leadership according to actual condition, taking prevention as major work and controlling in law, taking point to bring the whole and to accelerate the harness step, perfecting the responsibility system, performing the harness by household, conducting the coordination of departments, strengthening the scientific and technical research and raising the harness level, etc.,the preliminary benefits are obtained.