In the fourty years since the establishment of new China, the installation of the soil and water conservation of the country is in the state of now exsisting, now diminishing, looking like exsisting but not existing, looking like administration or cause but not,being very unstable and vaque. The work looks like conducting but not,and is made in intermission and gets half the result with twice the effort, which results in the destruction while harnessing that is much less than destruction and the increase of soil and water loss area in double rate,the harm of which is increased day by day. It is raised that the soil and water conservation organization of country level should be an entity of administrative leading body from replenishing the current leading group of water resource, soil and water conservation under the State Council,that the standing working organization be in charge of the office of vice-minister level that directs the secretariat,the departments of plan and finance, supervise, harness, science and education,at the same time to set up the college and the academy (institute) of soil and water conservation,that the corresponding organizations be established in provinces,districts, and counties,based on local conditions.