It analyses the relationship of various types of plant vegetation, the plant cover, withered matter in forest land with the benefits of water reservation and sediment reduction,The research method is to observe runoff and sediment from the typed plots of vegetation, the comparison between harnessed and contrasted gullies, to determine the amounts of withered matter on the forest land and water reserved,The results shows that the bene-fit of sediment reduction and water reservation is different from differ-ent vegetation type, It is observed that the benefits in water reservationand sediment reduction of grown-up Caragana korshinskii, six to fifteen-years-growing Roinia pseudoacacia, two to eight-years-growing Astragalus adsurgens,the secondary is the one to six-years-rowing Robinia pseudoaccia and one to five-years一growing alfalfa，the runoff from wasted natural grassland is more than from farmland,reducing the soil loss amount significantly, To the same tree species, the greater the forest cover, the more significant the benefit of sediment reduction,The layer of the withe red matter on forest land has an important effect on the water reserva-tion and sediment reduction-