Torrential rain with one hundred years' frequency- occured from July 23- 24, 1991 in Zhongnan Prefecture of Shandong Province, causing a serious flood and water logging disasters in this region. After the flood, the authors rushed to go to such three counties as Pingyi, Menying and Yinan to select the typical small watersheds to carry out surverys and comparative analysis, The results indicated that in those bitter comprehensively-controlled small watersheds, esery soil and water conservation practice has brought about the apparent benefit effects upon water storage and soil conservation as well as flood prevention, thus reducing flood threats and damages caused by flood disasters, And at the same time, the authors studied information From comprehensive surveys and presented some suggestions for doing a better work on soil and water conservation.