In the summer of 1991,Anhui province suffered from severe disasters caused by verystrong rainstorms with one hundred year's frenquency, floods and water loggings. Ne-vertheless, Huangbang small watershed in Jinzhai county located in the Huaihe Rivervalley has bronght about the remarkable benefits in reducing floods and disastersbecause of the complete water and soil conservation protective system in carrying outthe comprehensive control over water and soil loss in accordance with local conditionsand adopting the combination of biological measures with engineering structures. Theauthor summarized the experience gained in Huangbang small watershed, thusgiving people a deep enlightenment and a deep thought about the past, work onwater and soil conservation is a matter of vital and lasting importance in developingagricultural production and ensuring the economic construction and safety ef the peopleand their properties.