Sinomonium acutum var.cinereum (Diels) Rehd.et wils is a wild plant resource and onlyexists in China.it especially deserves to be exploited in the Qinlin and Ba mountain and thes south-west mountainous area of China.in this paper,the important and special roles of this plant in en-abling mountainous people's to eliminate poverty and get wealth,finding ways for the surpluslabour,mitigating the serious shortage of raw materials,soil and water conservation and restoringthe ecological balance are thoroughly discussed under the subjects of sinomonium acutum var.cinereum (Diels) Rehd.et wils economic,ecological and social benefits.The present state of the ex-ploitation and utillization of this plant in Shaanxi province and the problems relation to how to do-mesticate the plant into a cultivated cash crop are also expornded.