The south of Gansu and Shaanxi provinces which lies in Qinling mountainous areas, has wide spread and severe geological disasters of landslide and debris flow, and it is one of the four most heavy landslide and debris flow concentrated areas. These natural disasters have been threatening the development of local economy and people's life and property seriously. Setting up of monitoring and warning system on landslide and debris flow in such regions is a new subject for disaster prevention and reduction in China in 90’s of 20th century to build a favorite eco-environment. The sig nification and content of the landslide and debris flow monitoring and warning system are explained, the inducement and probed into technical measures, methods and benefit calculation onmoni toring and warning system of landslide and debris flow are analyzed with indigenous method in earth and rock based mountainous areas.