The quantity,quality status,and temporal and spatial change of water resources of Haihe river basin are analyzed. Combining with the analysis on water resources changes and causes of Huaihe river basin in history,the impact factors on sustainable use of water resources are explored. The water resources change is the interaction result of multiple factors,such as natural,social,and economic factors. To realize sustainable use of water resources of Huaihe river basin,people should apply systematic harness and management method. From the sustainable use of water resources and the practical status of Huaihe river basin,some countermeasures are proposed.