The serious soil and water loss and the worsening of ecological environment characteristics in Gansu province are analyzed comprehensively.It showed that the soil and water loss and the worsening of ecological environment are the rest ricting factors of development in Gansu province.The fragile ecology and overloaded population have entailed great pressure on the region.It has been proposed that soil and water conserv ation and ecological construction and protection are the basis and safeguard for sustainable development of the whole area.The combination of ecological construction and economical development is the only way for Gansu province.We have put forward the orientation of ecological construction of Gansu province,that is,(1) to foster the thought of sustainable development ecological construction;(2) to establish eco-agriculture of soil and water conversation pattern and developing small watershed eco-economy;(3) to implement engineering of ecological construction which can make farmers rich.