Xinjiang Wei Autonomous Region is the biggest and more important province located in northwest borderland of China. With population increasing and acceleration improving of regional exploitation, soil and water loss being serious day after day. Soil and water conservation and sustainable development had become important subjects of eco environmental construction. The current situation, characteristics, original factors and problems of soil and water loss are analyzed, and some suggestions on soil and water conservation in Xinjiang region are presented from the view of sustainable development.