Estuary locates the intersecting zone between ocean and river, it is the wetland ecosystem type with great resources potent and environmental values. Besides it can provide a lot of foods, materials and water resources, it can keep regional eco-balance, maintain biodiversity and rare species, regulate water resources, control flood and fight natural adversities, degrade pollutions and provide trip etc.. However, owing to the unreasonable exploitation and utilization for a long time, the living environment has degenerated, biodiversity has decreased seriously, the environmental pollution, erosion of coast and estuary deposition have been aggravated. It is imperative to conserve and utilize reasonably estuary resources. The menaces faced with of estuaries and the main problems during the management, conservation and utilization of Chinese estuaries are analyzed, and the sustainable management countermeasures are put forward.