Abstract:With the economic and social transition from agriculture to industrialization, urbanize and moder nism in the Western Development , the new and hig her demand w ill be put forw ard abo ut the w ater resource exploitation and effective use. Water conservancy is not only the lifeblood of agriculture, but also the lifeblood of industry, cities,and the whole economy and society and even the humanit y's survival. At the same time, the water crisis turns to be severe. It has become a serious problem which caused the human society's general at tention. This point is more prominent and severe in Shannxi province, so it is very necessary to study it.