Taking Bijie region-a typical poverty-stricken karst mountaino us area in Guizhou province as a model,the effects of population and economy on natural restoration of soil and water conservation ecasystem are studied,the results show through multiple regression analysis, the population and economy are correlative with soil and water conservation,and the population economy takes extremely important,decisive action on the natural restoration of soil and water conservation ecosystem.In accordance with the results of analysis,and in combination with the actual conditions of Bijie region,the countermeasures on natural restoration of soil and water conservation ecosystem are established.