This study involved analysis of the effect of engineering measures for water conservancy on localrainfall.The analysis was based on data collected over 8 years,during the period of high water levels in Sanmenxia Reservoir,on the middle reach of the Yellow River.Data collection followed implementation of the World Bank Loan Project for soil and water conservation in the Loess Plateau.Meteorological data was also used. The results show that high volume water storage in reservoir and the implementation of large scale afforestation and grassland establishment and earth works,such as slope terracing and check dam construction,altered the base soil and water conditions.Rainfall interception increased and runoff were impounded.The engineering measures ultimately increased water vapor production and regional moisture circulation,so that the local microclimate was improved and rainfall increased.