This paper was intended to solve the main eco-environmental problems of the alpine meadow in the upstream area of the Xiliao River.Based on natural and economic conditions of the area,the distribution and construction techniques of an integrated protection forest system were studied systematically,and its protection effects were investigated preliminarily.The integrated protection forest system covers 46 800 hm².The main part of the system is the shelter forest for farmlands,which is combined with trees,shrubs and herbs,as well as forest belts,forest nets and forest patches.Water resources conservation forest,soil and water conservation(forest and eco-economic) channels are the important compensations.The percentage of forest coverage increases from 11.8% to 23.3%.At present,effects of the shelter forest for farmlands are not so significant,but grass yield,grass species composition,physical property and nutrient status change greatly in the deteriorated grasslands.The integrated protection forest system may greatly accelerate sustainable development of the regional environment,economy and society,and maintain ecological security of the midstream and downstream areas of the Xiliao River and the capital of China.