Based on the two-year field experiment in Yuyang district of North Shaanxi Province, the rainfall productive potential of minor grain crops in the loess hilly and gully region of North Shaanxi Province is studied systematically. Results show that minor grain crops rank in the descendant order of millet, black soybean, mung bean and buckwheat in terms of the rainfall productive potential. Development degree of the rainfall productive potential in the region is from 9.78% to 19.07%, with an average of 13.83% only. This indicates tremendous prospects of their productive potential exploiting.