Soil erosion processes on hillslopes of purple soil under three near-surface hydrological conditions of free drainage, saturation and seepage were studied by stimulated rainfall experiments.Results showed that near-surface hydrological conditions greatly affecting soil erosion processes on hillslopes of purple soil.At slope gradients from 5° to 15°, erosion rate from hillslopes shif ted from 1.31 2.02 g/(min?m²) under free drainage to 1.83 5.50 g/(min?m²) under saturation condition; under seepage condition, erosion rate reached to 4.40 16.41g/(min?m²).Erosion rate under saturation condit ion was 1.40 2.73 times greater than that under free drainage; erosion rate under seepage condition was 3.36 812 times greater than that under free drainage and was 2.40 2.98 times higher than that under saturation condition.Meanwhile, slope gradient had a great impact on purple soil erosion processes.