In the course of establishing resource saving society,environment friendly society,eco-civilization,and implementing international conventions,soil and water conservation monitoring shoulders more and more important historic missions.Some rules for soil and water conservation monitoring station distribution should be persisted in,such as fully covering typical soil erosion regions,making existed relevant monitoring stations the better,being convenient for bringing into automatic monitoring,making long-term running,and being in scientific and practical use.According to the rules,47 monitoring stations are established in different typical soil erosion regions all over the China;62 main stream monitoring cross-section stations and 55 key branch stream monitoring cross-section stations are selected in seven great river basins and the continental rivers and greater outflow rivers;and one monitoring station is established in each of the 42 state key soil erosion prevention and management regions.Long-term fixed orientation monitoring is achieved by the net of soil and water conservation monitoring stations of China,including soil erosion monitoring stations,hydrologic monitoring stations,and the monitoring stations for key prevention and management regions.